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Purpose  The effects of 28 days of heavy resistance training while ingesting the pre- and post-workout supplements, NO-Shotgun ®  and NO-Synthesize ®  were determined on body composition, muscle strength and mass, markers of protein synthesis, and clinical safety markers.    Methods  Nineteen non-resistance-trained males participated in a resistance training program 4 times/week for 28 days while either ingesting 27 g/day of carbohydrate (CARB) or NO-Shotgun ®  30 min pre-exercise and 27 g/day of carbohydrate or NO- Synthesize ®  30 min post-exercise (NOSS). Data were analyzed with separate 2 × 2 ANOVA (p < 0.05).    Results  Total body mass was increased in both groups (p = 0.001), but not different between groups. Fat mass was unchanged with CARB, but NOSS decreased fat mass (p = 0.026). Both groups increased fat-free mass (p = 0.001); however, the increases were greater with NOSS (p = 0.023). NOSS underwent greater increases in upper-body (p = 0.023) and lower-body (p = 0.035) strength than CARB. Myofibrillar protein significantly increased in both groups (p = 0.041), with NOSS being greater than CARB (p = 0.049). All of the MHC isoforms were significantly increased in both groups; however, NOSS was greater than CARB for MHC 1 (p = 0.013) and MHC 2A (p = 0.046). All of the myogenic regulatory factors were significantly increased in both groups; however, NOSS was greater than CARB for Myo-D (p = 0.038) and MRF-4 (p = 0.001). For the whole blood and serum clinical chemistry markers, all variables remained within normal clinical ranges.    Conclusions  Heavy resistance training for 28 days, with NO-Shotgun ®  and NO-Synthesize ®  ingested before and after exercise, respectively, significantly improved body composition and increased muscle mass and performance without abnormally impacting any of the clinical chemistry markers.

nutrition and metabolism

Effects of 28 days of resistance exercise while consuming commercially available pre- and post-workout supplements, NO-Shotgun® and NO-Synthesize® on body composition, muscle strength and mass, markers of protein synthesis, and clinical safety markers in males