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Background  The aim of this study was to isolate and identify the antifungal compounds from the extracts of  Schinus terebinthifolius  (Anacardiaceae) against clinical isolates of the pathogenic fungus  Paracoccidioides brasiliensis .    Methods  The hexane and dichlomethane fractions from leaves and stems of  S. terebinthifolius  were fractionated using several chromatography techniques to afford four compounds.    Results  The compounds isolated from  S. terebinthifolius  were identified as schinol ( 1 ), a new biphenyl compound, namely, 4'-ethyl-4-methyl-2,2',6,6'-tetrahydroxy[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-dicarboxylate ( 2 ), quercetin ( 3 ), and kaempferol ( 4 ). Compounds  1  and  2  were active against different strains of  P. brasiliensis , showing a minimal inhibitory concentration value against the isolate Pb B339 of 15.6 μg/ml. The isolate Pb 1578 was more sensitive to compound  1  with a MIC value of 7.5 μg/ml. Schinol presented synergistic effect only when combined with itraconazole. The compounds isolated from S.  terebinthifolius  were not able to inhibit cell wall synthesis or assembly using the sorbitol assay.    Conclusion  This work reveals for the first time the occurrence of compound  2  and discloses activity of compounds  1  and  2  against several clinical isolates of  P. brasiliensi s. These results justify further studies to clarify the mechanisms of action of these compounds.

annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials

Antifungal activity of schinol and a new biphenyl compound isolated from Schinus terebinthifolius against the pathogenic fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis