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Background  Previous studies report high prevalence of Methicillin-resistant  Staphylococcus aureus  (MRSA) colonization among imprisoned populations. However, there are no data on that prevalence in Brazilian correctional institutions.    Findings  We tested 302 male prisoners for nasopharyngeal colonization with  Staphylococcus aureus  from February 2009 through April 2010. The overall isolation rate of  S. aureus  was 16.5% (50/302). Men who had sex with men, users of inhalatory drugs and those with previous lung or skin diseases were more likely to be colonized with  S. aureus . MRSA was isolated from 0.7% of subjects (2/302). The two Community-associated (CA)-MRSA belonged to ST5 but were unrelated based on the PFGE results. Both harbored SCC mec  IV, and did not possess the Panton-Valentine Leukocidin gene.    Conclusion  We found low prevalence of  S. aureus  and CA-MRSA among prisoners. MRSA isolates ST5 from two subjects harboured SCC mec  IV and presented different PFGE patterns.

annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials

Nasopharyngeal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus among imprisoned males from Brazil without exposure to healthcare: risk factors and molecular characterization