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Background   Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis  infection in man results in a clinical spectrum of disease manifestations ranging from cutaneous to mucosal or visceral involvement. In the present study, we have investigated the genetic variability of 18  L. amazonensis  strains isolated in northeastern Brazil from patients with different clinical manifestations of leishmaniasis. Parasite DNA was analyzed by sequencing of the ITS flanking the 5.8 S subunit of the ribosomal RNA genes, by RAPD and SSR-PCR and by PFGE followed by hybridization with gene-specific probes.    Results  ITS sequencing and PCR-based methods revealed genetic heterogeneity among the  L. amazonensis  isolates examined and molecular karyotyping also showed variation in the chromosome size of different isolates. Unrooted genetic trees separated strains into different groups.    Conclusion  These results indicate that  L. amazonensis  strains isolated from leishmaniasis patients from northeastern Brazil are genetically diverse, however, no correlation between genetic polymorphism and phenotype were found.

kinetoplastid biology and disease

Genetic diversity of Leishmania amazonensisstrains isolated in northeastern Brazil as revealed by DNA sequencing, PCR-based analyses and molecular karyotyping