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Background  IL-1β and IL-1RA levels are higher in the serum of cerebral malaria patients than in patients with mild malaria. Recently, the level of  IL1B  expression was reported to be influenced by a polymorphism in the promoter of  IL1 ,  IL1B  -31C>T.    Methods  To examine whether polymorphisms in  IL1B  and  IL1RA  influence the susceptibility to cerebral malaria,  IL1B  -31C>T,  IL1B  3953C>T, and  IL1RA  variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) were analysed in 312 Thai patients with malaria (109 cerebral malaria and 203 mild malaria patients).    Results  In this population,  IL1B  -31C>T and  IL1RA  VNTRwere detected, while  IL1B  3953C>T (i.e.,  IL1B  3953T) was not observed in the polymorphism screening for 32 patients. Further analyses for  IL1B  -31C>T and  IL1RA  VNTR in 110 cerebral malaria and 206 mild malaria patients showed no significant association of these polymorphisms with cerebral malaria.    Conclusion  The present results suggest that  IL1B  -31C>T and  IL1RA  VNTR polymorphisms do not play a crucial role in susceptibility or resistance to cerebral malaria.

A functional polymorphism in the IL1B gene promoter, IL1B -31C>T, is not associated with cerebral malaria in Thailand