English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Background  Gametocyte carriage is essential for malaria transmission and endemicity of disease; thereby it is a target for malaria control strategies. Malaria-infected individuals may harbour gametocytes below the microscopic detection threshold that can be detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) targeting gametocyte-specific mRNA. To date, RT-PCR has mainly been applied to the diagnosis of  Plasmodium falciparum  gametocytes but very limited for that of  Plasmodium vivax .    Methods  A multiplex-nested RT-PCR targeting  Pfs25  and  Pvs25  mRNA specific to mature gametocytes of  P. falciparum  and  P. vivax , respectively, was developed. The assay was evaluated using blood samples collected in rainy and dry seasons from febrile patients,in a malaria-endemic area in Thailand. Malaria diagnosis was performed by Giemsa-stained blood smears and  18S rRNA  PCR.    Results  The multiplex-nested RT-PCR detected  Pfs25  mRNA in 75 of 86 (87.2%)  P. falciparum -infected individuals and  Pvs25  mRNA in 82 of 90 (91.1%)  P. vivax  malaria patients diagnosed by  18S rRNA  PCR. Gametocytes were detected in 38 (eight  P. falciparum  and 30  P. vivax ) of 157 microscopy positive samples, implying that a large number of patients harbour sub-microscopic gametocytaemia. No seasonal differences in gametocyte carriage were observed for both malaria species diagnosed by multiplex-nested RT-PCR. With single-nested RT-PCR targeting  Pfs25  or  Pvs25  mRNA as standard, the multiplex-nested RT-PCR offered sensitivities of 97.4% and 98.9% and specificities of 100% and 98.8% for diagnosing mature gametocytes of  P. falciparum  and  P. vivax,  respectively. The minimum detection limit of the multiplex-nested PCR was 10 copies of templates.    Conclusions  The multiplex-nested RT-PCR developed herein is useful for simultaneous assessment of both  P. falciparum  and  P. vivax  gametocyte carriage that is prevalent and generally sympatric in several malaria-endemic areas outside Africa.

Simultaneous detection of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes in clinical isolates by multiplex-nested RT-PCR