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Background  Thioredoxin (TRX) is a powerful disulfide oxido-reductase that catalyzes a wide spectrum of redox reactions in the cell. The aim of this study is to elucidate the role of the TRX system in the oxidative stress response in  Lactobacillus plantarum  WCFS1.    Results  We have identified the  trxB1 -encoded thioredoxin reductase (TR) as a key enzyme in the oxidative stress response of  Lactobacillus plantarum  WCFS1.  Overexpression of the  trxB1  gene resulted in a 3-fold higher TR activity in comparison to the wild-type strain. Subsequently, higher TR activity was associated with an increased resistance towards oxidative stress. We further determined the global transcriptional response to hydrogen peroxide stress in the  trxB1 -overexpression and wild-type strains grown in continuous cultures. Hydrogen peroxide stress and overproduction of TR collectively resulted in the up-regulation of 267 genes. Additionally, gene expression profiling showed significant differential expression of 27 genes in the  trxB1 -overexpression strain. Over expression of  trxB1  was found to activate genes associated with DNA repair and stress mechanisms as well as genes associated with the activity of biosynthetic pathways for purine and sulfur-containing amino acids. A total of 16 genes showed a response to both TR overproduction and hydrogen peroxide stress. These genes are involved in the purine metabolism, energy metabolism ( gapB ) as well as in stress-response ( groEL ,  npr2 ), and manganese transport ( mntH2 ).    Conclusion  Based on our findings we propose that overproduction of the  trxB1 -encoded TR in  L. plantarum  improves tolerance towards oxidative stress. This response coincides with simultaneous induction of a group of 16 transcripts of genes. Within this group of genes, most are associated with oxidative stress response. The obtained crossover between datasets may explain the phenotype of the  trxB1 -overexpression strain, which appears to be prepared for encountering oxidative stress. This latter property can be used for engineering robustness towards oxidative stress in industrial strains of  L. plantarum .

Thioredoxin reductase is a key factor in the oxidative stress response of Lactobacillus plantarum WCFS1