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Background  Fungal laccases are useful enzymes for industrial applications; they exhibit broad substrate specificity and thus are able to oxidize a variety of xenobiotic compounds including chlorinated phenolics, synthetic dyes, pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Unfortunately, the biotechnological exploitation of laccases can be hampered by the difficulties concerning the enzyme production by the native hosts.    Results  In order to obtain a simple and efficient source of laccase, the  lcc1  cDNA isolated from the white-rot fungus  Trametes trogii  has been successfully expressed in the methylotrophic yeast  Pichia pastoris  under the control of the methanol induced alcohol oxidase promoter P AOX1 . The recombinant Lcc1 was produced as a secreted protein with the native N-terminal prepropeptide for signal trafficking, and thus easily recovered from the culture medium. At the 1-liter scale, as calculated on the basis of the specific activity, the recombinant protein was produced at a yield of 17 mg/l. The highest production level obtained in fed-batch culture was 2520 U/l, corresponding to a specific productivity of 31.5 U/g biomass.  The purified recombinant laccase exhibited a behaviour similar to the main laccase produced by  T. trogii . Lcc1 showed high activity in the presence of organic solvents and a high decolourization capacity towards azo, triarylmethane, indigo carmine and anthraquinonic dyes, that could be significantly enhanced in the presence of the redox mediators 1-hydroxybenzotriazole and violuric acid.    Conclusion  Heterologous expression of  T. trogii  laccase  lcc1  in the methylotrophic yeast  P. pastoris  was successfully achieved. The biochemical and kinetic characterization of the recombinant protein suggests potential technological applications for this enzyme.

Heterologous expression of lcc1 gene from Trametes trogii in Pichia pastoris and characterization of the recombinant enzyme.