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Background  RNA interference (RNAi) in animals and post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) in plants are related phenomena whose functions include the developmental regulation of gene expression and protection from transposable elements and viruses. Plant viruses respond by expressing suppressor proteins that interfere with the PTGS system.    Results  Here we demonstrate that both transient and constitutive expression of the  Tobacco etch virus  HC-Pro silencing suppressor protein, which inhibits the maintenance of PTGS in plants, prevents dsRNA-induced RNAi of a  lac Z gene in cultured  Drosophila  cells. Northern blot analysis of the RNA present in  Drosophila  cells showed that HC-Pro prevented degradation of  lacZ  RNA during RNAi but that there was accumulation of the short (23nt) RNA species associated with RNAi. A mutant HC-Pro that does not suppress PTGS in plants also does not affect RNAi in  Drosophila . Similarly, the  Cucumber mosaic virus  2b protein, which inhibits the systemic spread of PTGS in plants, does not suppress RNAi in  Drosophila  cells. In addition, we have used the  Drosophila  system to demonstrate that the 16K cysteine-rich protein of  Tobacco rattle virus , which previously had no known function, is a silencing suppressor protein.    Conclusion  These results indicate that at least part of the process of RNAi in  Drosophila  and PTGS in plants is conserved, and that plant virus silencing suppressor proteins may be useful tools to investigate the mechanism of RNAi.

bmc biotechnology

Heterologous expression of plant virus genes that suppress post-transcriptional gene silencing results in suppression of RNA interference in Drosophila cells.