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Background  The prolactin-related proteins (PRPs) are non-classical placental-specific members of the  prolactin/growth hormone family. Among ruminants, they are expressed in the cotyledonary villi of cattle and goat. We investigated placental PRP in sheep in order to gain a comprehensive understanding of the function and evolution of these molecules. We also examined the sequence properties, expression and lactogenic activation of the cloned genes.    Results  We cloned two novel ovine  PRPs , named  oPRP1  and  oPRP2 .  oPRP2  had a typical  PRP  sequence similar to bovine  PRP1  ( bPRP1 ).  oPRP1  had a short sequence identical with bovine or caprine type  PRP  but the reading frame was shifted. Both  oPRPs  were expressed in trophoblast giant binucleate cells (BNC) as in cattle and goat.  oPRP1  expression declined from the early to the middle stage of gestation. In contrast,  oPRP2  expression remained constant throughout the gestation period.  oPRP2  was translated to form a mature protein in a mammalian cell expression system. Western blotting showed a molecular mass of 35 kDa for the FLAG-tag fusion  oPRP2  protein. This recombinant protein and  bPRP1  were bioassayed using Nb2 lymphoma cells; it was confirmed that neither ruminant  PRP  had lactogenic activity because the Nb2 lymphoma cells did not proliferate.    Conclusion  We have identified two novel  PRPs ,  oPRP1  and  oPRP2 , in ovine placenta. Both these ovine  PRPs  were localized and quantitatively expressed in BNC. Absence of lactogenic activity was confirmed for the  oPRP2  molecule. It is anticipated that novel and known ruminant  PRPs  have common functions, except for lactogenic activity.

Expression and characterization of novel ovine orthologs of bovine placental prolactin-related proteins