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Background  Glucose is the preferred carbon and energy source for  Bacillus subtilis  and  Escherichia coli . A complex regulatory network coordinates gene expression, transport and enzymatic activities, in response to the presence of this sugar. We present a comparison of the cellular response to glucose in these two model organisms, using an approach combining global transcriptome and regulatory network analyses.    Results  Transcriptome data from strains grown in Luria-Bertani medium (LB) or LB+glucose (LB+G) were analyzed, in order to identify differentially transcribed genes in  B. subtilis . We detected 503 genes in  B. subtilis  that change their relative transcript levels in the presence of glucose. A similar previous study identified 380 genes in  E. coli , which respond to glucose. Catabolic repression was detected in the case of transport and metabolic interconversion activities for both bacteria in LB+G. We detected an increased capacity for  de novo  synthesis of nucleotides, amino acids and proteins. A comparison between orthologous genes revealed that global regulatory functions such as transcription, translation, replication and genes relating to the central carbon metabolism, presented similar changes in their levels of expression. An analysis of the regulatory network of a subset of genes in both organisms revealed that the set of regulatory proteins responsible for similar physiological responses observed in the transcriptome analysis are not orthologous. An example of this observation is that of transcription factors mediating catabolic repression for most of the genes that displayed reduced transcript levels in the case of both organisms. In terms of topological functional units in both these bacteria, we found interconnected modules that cluster together genes relating to heat shock, respiratory functions, carbon and peroxide metabolism. Interestingly,  B. subtilis  functions not found in  E. coli , such as sporulation and competence were shown to be interconnected, forming modules subject to catabolic repression at the level of transcription.    Conclusion  Our results demonstrate that the response to glucose is partially conserved in model organisms  E. coli  and  B. subtilis , including genes encoding basic functions such as transcription, translation, replication and genes involved in the central carbon metabolism.

bmc microbiology

Identification of network topological units coordinating the global expression response to glucose in Bacillus subtilis and its comparison to Escherichia coli