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Background   Campylobacter jejuni  has been divided into two subspecies:  C. jejuni  subsp.  jejuni  ( Cjj ) and  C. jejuni  subsp.  doylei  ( Cjd ). Nearly all of the  C. jejuni  strains isolated are  Cjj ; nevertheless, although  Cjd  strains are isolated infrequently, they differ from  Cjj  in two key aspects: they are obtained primarily from human clinical samples and are associated often with bacteremia, in addition to gastroenteritis. In this study, we utilized multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and a DNA microarray-based comparative genomic indexing (CGI) approach to examine the genomic diversity and gene content of  Cjd  strains.    Results  A geographically diverse collection of eight  Cjd  strains was examined by MLST and determined to be phylogenetically distinct from  Cjj  strains. Microarray-based CGI approach also supported this. We were able to demonstrate that  Cjd  strains exhibited divergence from  Cjj  strains NCTC 11168 and RM1221 in many of the intraspecies hypervariable regions. Moreover, multiple metabolic, transport and virulence functions (e.g. cytolethal distending toxin) were shown to be absent in the  Cjd  strains examined.    Conclusion  Our data demonstrate that  Cjd  are phylogenetically distinct from  Cjj  strains. Using the CGI approach, we identified subsets of absent genes from amongst the  C. jejuni  genes that provide clues as to the potential evolutionary origin and unusual pathogenicity of  Cjd .

Common genomic features of Campylobacter jejuni subsp. doylei strains distinguish them from C. jejuni subsp. jejuni