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Background  Mycobacteria have developed a number of pathways that provide partial protection against both reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). We recently identified a locus in  Mycobacterium marinum ,  mel2 , that plays a role during infection of macrophages. The molecular mechanism of  mel2  action is not well understood.    Results  To better understand the role of the  M. marinum mel2  locus, we examined these genes for conserved motifs in silico. Striking similarities were observed between the  mel2  locus and loci that encode bioluminescence in other bacterial species. Since bioluminescence systems can play a role in resistance to oxidative stress, we postulated that the  mel2  locus might be important for mycobacterial resistance to ROS and RNS. We found that an  M. marinum  mutant in the first gene in this putative operon,  melF , confers increased susceptibility to both ROS and RNS. This mutant is more susceptible to ROS and RNS together than either reactive species alone.    Conclusion  These observations support a role for the  M. marinum mel2  locus in resistance to oxidative stress and provide additional evidence that bioluminescence systems may have evolved from oxidative defense mechanisms.

bmc microbiology

The Mycobacterium marinum mel2 locus displays similarity to bacterial bioluminescence systems and plays a role in defense against reactive oxygen and nitrogen species