English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Background   Accumulating evidence implicates the endocannabinoid system, including variants in the cannabinoid-1 receptor gene ( CNR1), in the pathophysiology of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The synonymous G1359A variant (rs1049353) in the CNR1 gene has been linked to PTSD in individuals exposed to childhood abuse. In this study, the effects of the rs1049353 genotype and childhood abuse on overall PTSD symptoms, as well as PTSD symptom clusters were examined in order to examine how this interaction relates to the phenotypic expression of this disorder.Method   Data were analyzed from 1,372 Caucasian U.S. veterans who participated in the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study. Multivariable analyses were conducted to evaluate the association between rs1049353 genotype, childhood abuse, and their interaction in relation to PTSD symptoms.Results   A significant interaction between rs1049353 genotype and childhood abuse was observed, with A allele carriers with histories of childhood abuse reporting greater severity of PTSD symptoms, most notably anxious arousal, relative to G/G homozygotes. Significant main effects of childhood abuse on overall PTSD symptoms, and re-experiencing, emotional numbing, and dysphoric arousal symptom clusters, as well as of A allele carrier status on anxious arousal symptoms were observed.Conclusions   Results of this study replicate prior work and suggest that the rs1049353-by-childhood abuse interaction is particularly associated with the manifestation of anxious arousal symptoms of PTSD. Taken together, these findings underscore the importance of considering the phenotypic heterogeneity of PTSD in gene-environment studies of this multifaceted disorder.

chronic stress

Cannabinoid Receptor 1 rs1049353 Variant, Childhood Abuse, and the Heterogeneity of PTSD Symptoms: Results From the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study