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Background:   We examined sex differences in long-term health outcomes following acute myocardial infarction in China, including mortality, major adverse cardiac events and health status (symptoms, functioning, quality of life).Methods:   A total of 3415 acute myocardial infarction patients (23.2% women) aged ⩾18 years were enrolled across 10 geographic regions in China (2012–2014) in the China Patient-Centered Evaluative Assessment of Cardiac Events (PEACE) study. Clinical data was abstracted from medical records. Generic (Euro-Quality of Life Scale) and disease-specific (Seattle Angina Questionnaire) health status was obtained through interviews at baseline and one year.Results:   At one year, women with acute myocardial infarction had a higher risk of death from all causes ( p 60: 9.1% vs 4.7%; all p&lt;0.001). In multivariable analysis, there was a significant association between female sex and mortality (β=0.45, standard error=0.21, p=0.03) but not for major adverse cardiac events (β=−0.02, standard error=0.14, p=0.89). The association between female sex and worse generic health status persisted (β=−0.02, standard error=0.01, p=0.003), but was no longer significant between sexes for disease-specific health status (β=−0.82, standard error=0.58, p=0.154) or daily/weekly angina (odds ratio=1.39; 95% confidence interval 0.88–2.21).Conclusion:   Women in China have higher crude rates of all-cause/cardiovascular death versus men, as well as worse generic/disease specific health status at one-year post-acute myocardial infarction. The association between female sex and worse generic health status persisted following adjustment.

european heart journal. acute cardiovascular care

Sex differences in health outcomes at one year following acute myocardial infarction: A report from the China Patient-Centered Evaluative Assessment of Cardiac Events prospective acute myocardial infarction study