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Cefazolin is an antibiotic frequently used in preoperativeprophylaxis of orthopedic surgery and to fight secondary infections post-operatively.Although its systemic delivery in a bulk or bolus dose is usually effective, the localand controlled release can increase its effectiveness by lowering dosages, minimizingtotal drug exposure, abating the development of antibiotic resistance and avoiding thecytotoxic effect. A delivery system based on mesoporous silicon microparticles wasdeveloped that is capable of efficiently loading and continuously releasing cefazolinover several days. The in vitro release kinetics from mesoporous silicon microparticleswith three different nanopore sizes was evaluated, and minimal inhibitory concentrationof cefazolin necessary to eliminate a culture of Staphylococcus aureus was identified tobe 250 µg/mL. A milder toxicity toward mesenchymal stem cells was observed frommesoporous silicon microparticles over a 7-day period. Medium pore size-loadedmesoporous silicon microparticles exhibited long-lasting bactericidal properties in azone inhibition assay while they were able to kill all the bacteria growing insuspension cultures within 24 h. This study demonstrates that the sustained release ofcefazolin from mesoporous silicon microparticles provides immediate and long-termcontrol over bacterial growth both in suspension and adhesion while causing minimaltoxicity to a population of mesenchymal stem cell. Mesoporous silicon microparticlesoffer significant advantageous properties for drug delivery applications in tissueengineering as it favorably extends drug bioavailability and stability, while reducingconcomitant cytotoxicity to the surrounding tissues

Cefazolin-loaded mesoporous silicon microparticles show sustained bactericidal effect against Staphylococcus aureus