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In this research study, the characteristics of ship–bridge collision force formulas, in Chinese standards as well as international standards, were analyzed. By considering the damage situations of bridge piers under the cumulative ship collision conditions, a method of combining theoretical deduction with numerical analysis was adopted in this study. The goals of this study were to analyze and examine the sizes of the ship–bridge collision forces, along with the damage situations of piers, in order to propose a collision force calculation formula which took cumulative pier damages into consideration. Also, experimental verifications and an applicability analysis of the proposed formula were performed.

A study on the collision force of reinforced concrete piers under cumulative ship collision