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The aims of the current study were to assess whether sodium dodecyl sulphate–agarose gel electrophoresis (SDS-AGE) and high-resolution electrophoresis (HRE) can identify dogs with a urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio (UPC ratio) &gt;0.2 and whether HRE can provide preliminary information about the type of proteinuria, using SDS-AGE as a reference method. HRE and SDS-AGE were conducted on 87 urine samples classified according to the International Renal Interest Society as non-proteinuric (NP; UPC ratio:  0.51; 40/87). SDS-AGE and HRE were positive in 14 out of 32 and 3 out of 32 NP samples and in 52 out of 55 and 40 out of 55 samples with a UPC ratio &gt;0.20, respectively. The concordance between HRE or SDS and UPC ratio was comparable (κ = 0.59; κ = 0.55). However, specificity (90%) and positive likelihood ratio (7.76) were higher for HRE than for SDS-AGE (56% and 2.16) while sensitivity was lower (73% vs. 94%). The analysis of HRE results revealed that a percentage of albumin &gt;41.4% and an albumin/α 1 -globulin ratio (alb/α 1  ratio) &gt;1.46 can identify samples classified by SDS-AGE as affected by glomerular proteinuria while a percentage of α 1 -globulin &gt;40.8% and an alb/α 1  ratio &lt;0.84 can identify samples classified by SDS-AGE as affected by tubular proteinuria. In conclusion, both SDS-AGE and HRE could misclassify samples with a UPC ratio higher or lower than 0.20. Therefore, UPC ratio must always be determined before conducting these tests. The percentage of albumin and α 1 -globulin or the alb/α 1  ratio determined by HRE can provide preliminary information about the origin of proteinuria.

journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation

High-resolution gel electrophoresis and sodium dodecyl sulphate–agarose gel electrophoresis on urine samples for qualitative analysis of proteinuria in dogs