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It is a pleasure for us to present this special issue of The Journal of International Medical Research, which brings together a series of brief communications focusing on the use of biological therapy in rheumatology and dermatology based on recent research into the pathogenic mechanisms of immunemediated inflammatory diseases of the skin and joints. The articles were written by members of the faculty of a Seminar held on 4–5 December 2014 in Sarteano, Italy and facilitated by an unrestricted grant from PEzer Italia. The contributors are rheumatologists and dermatologists with substantial experience in the treatment of chronic inFammatory rheumatic and dermatological conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, and spondyloarthropathies. Although the pathogenic mechanisms of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases are not fully understood, these apparently unrelated conditions actually share an immune aetiology that is mediated by cytokines and immune cells. Advances in the understanding of the inflammatory pathways has allowed the development of a number of effective biological agents targeting specific disease mechanisms, particularly agents that inhibit proinflammatory cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukins. These drugs have demonstrated their ability to control disease activity and to delay the progression of tissue damage. However, although targeted therapies provide excellent anti-inflammatory activity in rheumatological and dermatological conditions, some concerns remain about their cardiovascular safety and potential metabolic effects. To ensure the full therapeutic potential of any biological therapy, clinicians should be aware of these issues in order to use biological agents safely and effectively. This supplement covers six interesting topics: (i) gene/molecular research on immune-mediated diseases; (ii) immunemediated diseases and treatment immunogenicity; (iii) immune-mediated diseases and treatment comorbidities; (iv) immunemediated diseases and obesity; (v) immunemediated diseases and cardiovascular risk; and (vi) real-life experiences. The first section contains papers on recent advances in genetic and molecular research on immune-mediated diseases. Journal of International Medical Research 2016, Vol. 44(1S) 3–5 ! The Author(s) 2016 Reprints and permissions: sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav DOI: 10.1177/0300060515593267 imr.sagepub.com

Foreword: Seminars in Research 2014 Joint Experiences in Rheumatology and Dermatology