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Knowledge about the characteristics of the atmospheric boundary layer isvital for the understanding of redistribution of air and suspended contentsthat are particularly driven by turbulent motions. Despite many modellingstudies, detailed observations are still demanded of the development ofturbulent exchange under stable and unstable conditions. In this paper, wepresent an attempt to observationally describe atmospheric internal waves andtheir associated turbulent eddies in detail, under varying stable conditions.Therefore, we mounted 198 high-resolution temperature T-sensors with 1-mspacing on a 200-m long cable. The instrumented cable was attached along the213 m tall meteorological mast of Cabauw, the Netherlands, during late-summer2017. The mast has standard meteorological equipment at extendable booms at 6levels in height. A sonic anemometer is at 60 m above ground. The T-sensorshave a time constant in air of tau = 3 s and an apparent drift about 0.1degC/mo. Also due to radiation effects, short-term measurement instability is0.05 degC/h during nighttime and 0.5 degC/h during daytime. These T-sensorcharacteristics hamper quantitative atmospheric turbulence research, due to arelatively narrow inertial subrange of maximum one order of magnitude.Nevertheless, height-time images from two contrasting nights show internalwaves up to the buoyancy period of about 300 s, and shear and convectivedeformation of the stratification over the entire 197 m range of observations,supported by nocturnal marginally stable stratification. Moderate winds lead to20-m tall convection across weaker stratification, weak winds to episodic <10-mtall shear instability across larger stratification.

Internal wave and turbulence observations with very high-resolution temperature sensors along the Cabauw mast