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80 The β1-integrin cell adhesion molecules are the principal  endothelial receptors for basal lamina components like collagen and  laminin and contribute to the microvascular integrity. During cerebral  ischemia and reperfusion the basal lamina antigens disappear, the  vascular permeability is impaired, and edema and petechial hemorrhages  develop. The current study investigates the localization of  β1-integrins in the normal rat brain and after middle cerebral artery  occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R). In the normal brain, there was only  clear immunoreactivity for the α1, α6 and β1 integrins on  endothelia, and for α4 on astrocytes. The α6-immunoreactivity was  stronger on larger vessels, while α1β1 stained all vessels  similarly. Western blotting confirmed the expression of the integrin  subunits. Ultrastructurally, integrins were located on the luminal and  on the abluminal side of the endothelia and on perivascular cells.  Following 3-hours of cerebral ischemia and reperfusion intervals of 0,  9 and 24 hours (I3R0, I3R9 and I3R24, n=15), the number and staining  intensity of immunoreactive vessels in the ischemic area were compared  to the contralateral side and classified according to their diameters.  There was a moderate reduction in the number of the β1-immunoreactive  capillaries (6μm to 9μm) by –12% at I3R0 and –15% at I3R9 that  greatly decreased to –43% at I3R24 (all p&lt;0.05), all other vessel  sizes remained unaffected. The β1-staining intensity decreased  homogeneously over all vessel sizes by –4% to –6% at I3R0, –8% to  –12% at I3R9 and –16% to –23% at I3R24 (p&lt;0.05). The vascular  staining for α1 was affected similarly but less pronounced.  Interestingly, the α6-positive capillaries also were reduced by  –21% at I3R24 (p&lt;0.05), but the decrease of the α6-staining  intensity was confined to vessels larger than 15μm (–15% at I3R24,  p&lt;0.05). The diameter-selective loss of vascular integrin presentation  points to a size-specific interaction between the endothelium and the  basal lamina. The prominent capillar vulnerability may largely account  for the impairment of the microvascular integrity during ischemia and  reperfusion.

Decrease in Vascular Integrin Immunoreactivity and Selective Loss of Capillaries During Rat Focal Cerebral Ischemia and Reperfusion