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Minorities have a higher prevalence of hypertension, a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, which contributes to racial/ethnic disparities in morbidity and mortality in the United States. Many modifiable health behaviors have been associated with improved blood pressure control, but it is unclear how racial/ethnic differences in these behaviors are related to the observed disparities in blood pressure control. Cross-sectional analyses were conducted among 21 489 US adults aged &gt;20 years participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2001 to 2006. Secondary analyses were conducted among those with a self-reported diagnosis of hypertension. Blood pressure control was defined as systolic values &lt;140 mm Hg and diastolic values &lt;90 mm Hg (or &lt;130 mm Hg and &lt;80 mm Hg among diabetics, respectively). In primary analyses, non-Hispanic blacks had 90% higher odds of poorly controlled blood pressure compared with non-Hispanic whites after adjustment for sociodemographic and clinical characteristics (P&lt;0.001). In secondary analyses among hypertensive subjects, non-Hispanic blacks and Mexican Americans had 40% higher odds of uncontrolled blood pressure compared with non-Hispanic whites after adjustment for sociodemographic and clinical characteristics (P&lt;0.001). For both analyses, the racial/ethnic differences in blood pressure control persisted even after further adjustment for modifiable health behaviors, which included medication adherence in secondary analyses (P&lt;0.001 for both analyses). Although population-level adoption of healthy behaviors may contribute to reduction of the societal burden of cardiovascular disease in general, these findings suggest that racial/ethnic differences in some health behaviors do not explain the disparities in hypertension prevalence and control.

Health Behaviors and Racial Disparity in Blood Pressure Control in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey