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A recent study suggested that glucagon has antiarrhythmic properties in addition to its positive inotropic effect. The present study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of glucagon in preventing and converting ouabain-induced ventricular tachycardia (VT) in normokalemic and hypokalemic dogs. Paired studies were made in ten normokalemic dogs and in eight dogs rendered hypokalemic by diet and hydrochlorothiazide. All dogs were pretreated with glucagon, and the amount of ouabain required to produce VT was measured. Each dog served as its own control in a second study in which normal saline was substituted for glucagon. When VT was produced during the control study, the response to a bolus injection of glucagon was evaluated. (1) Pretreatment with glucagon delayed the appearance of VT in hypokalemic dogs but not in normokalemic dogs. (2) Glucagon, by bolus injection, converted VT to sinus rhythm in 78% of the normokalemic dogs and in 100% of the hypokalemic dogs. (3) The mechanisms by which glucagon exerts its antiarrhythmic effect are not clearly defined.

Giucagon in Prevention and Abolition of Ouabain-Induced Ventricular Tachycardia in Normokalemic and Hypokalemic Dogs