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This study examines the role of obesity and body fat distribution (ie, waist-to-hip ratio [WHR]) on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in 50 nondiabetic, obese (body mass index [BMI], 31 +/- 2 kg/m2, mean +/- SD), 45 +/- 10-year-old women. The data obtained at baseline and after weight loss were analyzed after dividing subjects by WHR into upper-body (WHR &gt; 0.80) and lower-body (WHR &lt; or = 0.80) groups and by median-split BMI into more obese (BMI &gt; or = 31) and less obese (BMI &lt; 31) groups. At baseline, the upper-body obese women, when compared with lower-body obese women, had higher plasma triglycerides (TGs) (175 +/- 85 versus 111 +/- 47 mg/dL, respectively; P &lt; .001) and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (44 +/- 10 versus 54 +/- 11, respectively; P &lt; .01) but similar total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and blood pressure. There were no significant differences in these CVD risk factors at baseline by BMI split. Although weight loss (-9 +/- 5 kg) lowered blood pressure and TGs irrespective of WHR or BMI, only upper-body obese women raised HDL-C. Moreover, the magnitude of the changes was greatest in women with an upper-body fat distribution. In women with WHR &gt; 0.80, HDL-C increased by 11%, to 49 mg/dL (P &lt; .001), and TGs decreased by 24%, to 134 mg/dL (P &lt; .001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Differential effects of body fatness and body fat distribution on risk factor for cardiovascular disease in women. Impact of weight loss.