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Jesus, SF. Endodontic treatment in single session using different irrigation systems of root canals: radiographic and immunohistochemistry evaluation Ribeirão Preto, 2018. 89p. Thesis [doctorate]. Faculty of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo. The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the periapical repair and the expression of inflammatory mediators after endodontic treatment in dogs with periapical lesions using Negative Apical Pressure Irrigation, Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation and Conventional Positive Pressure Irrigation protocols. A total of 80 root canals of premolars of dogs with periapical lesions experimentally induced, were submitted to endodontic treatment in a single session, or maintained without treatment. The teeth were randomly divided into 4 groups: Group 1 Irrigation by Pressure, Apical Negative (n=20 root canals); Group 2 Irrigation, Ultrasonic, Passive (n=20 root canals), Group 3 Irrigation by Positive Pressure (n=20 root canals), and Group IV Lesion periapical without treatment (n = 20 root canals). Was done the protocols of irrigation with NaOCL 5.25% and instrumentation, using files Protaper rotatory F3F4, then the channels were obturados with cement AH Plus®. After 180 days, the animals were euthanized, the pieces removed and submitted to histotechnical processing for immunohistochemical analysis for osteopontin, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin 1-α. Radiographic analysis of the repair of the periapical lesions was performed using the Periapical Index, obtained before and 180 days after the endodontic treatment. The results were submitted to statistical analysis using Fisher's exact test or Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn's post-test. The level of significance was 5%. At 180 days after the endodontic treatment, the radiographic examination showed the persistence of periapical radiolucent areas and discontinuity of the lamina dura in 35% of the negative apical pressure group, 40% of the passive Ultrasonic Group specimens and 40% of the positive pressure Group specimens. However, when compared to radiographs prior to treatment, in all groups, a reduction in the size of periapical lesions was observed. There was no difference between the groups, regardless of the irrigation protocol used (p> 0.05). Endodontic treatment performed in a single session resulted in the lower synthesis of tumor necrosis factor-α and osteopontin in the periapical region, compared to untreated periapical lesion (p <0.05), regardless of the irrigation protocol used (p> 0.05). The production of interleukin-1α was not modulated by endodontic treatment (p> 0.05). Based on the methodologies used and the results obtained in the present in vivo study, it was concluded that the periapical lesion was repaired in about 60% of cases after endodontic treatment performed in a single session and lower synthesis of tumor necrosis factor-α and osteopontin in the periapical region, compared to the untreated periapical lesion, regardless of the irrigation protocol used (negative apical pressure, passive ultrasonic and positive pressure) Key-words: apical periodontitis, single visit root canal treatment, irrigation, apical negative pressure, positive pressure, passive ultrasonic irrigation.

Tratamento endodôntico em sessão única utilizando diferentes sistemas de irrigação de canais radiculares: avaliação radiográfica e imunohistoquímica