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The amniotic membrane is the inner layer of the fetal membranes (placenta), widely used in transplantation as it is a tissue that combines properties antiinflammatory and antifibrotic antimicrobial, and limited ability to induce immune reactions. The use of fresh membrane has some limitations such as the need for rapid deployment and not being completely safe against of certain infections. Any biological tissue used for transplantation should be sterile. The radiosterilization is an alternative to ensure the quality and safety of tissues used in transplants, and other clinical applications to minimize the risk of contamination of the tissue ́s receptor, but it can cause undesirable changes in the tissue. In this study, we tested doses of 10, 15, 25 and 35 kGy, using two sources of ionizing radiation: gamma rays from cobalt-60 source and electron beam. In qualitative, visual and tactile analysis it has been observed that higher doses (25 kGy and up, to both sources of radiation) irradiated membranes had a greater color change, becoming yellowed and decreased elasticity, becoming more rigid. The solid colorimetry minimized the subjectivity of visual analysis and optical microscopy was essential to evaluate the histological changes showing, respectively, the color change of the membrane and the degree of degradation of the underlying layers of tissue is directly related to the dose of radiation employed. Thus, doses of 10-35 kGy can be applied in the amniotic membranes for application as a biological bandage, however doses from 25 kGy and up should take into account the changes in color and condensation of the layers of the membrane for ophthalmic use or as a carrier substrate for transplantation of cultured tissue in vitro. With the techniques of OCT, TG and tensile testing was not possible to evaluate the biomechanical findings in the qualitative analysis, the experimental conditions due to the standard-deviations obtained for the five membranes tested.

Análise morfológica e biomecânica do âmnio conservado em glicerol esterilizado com diferentes doses de radiação ionizante