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This paper seeks to rescue a chapter in the history of Brazilian Cartography, through the historical and technical study of the pioneer aerial survey made between the years of 1928 and 1932 by SARA Brazil. To do so was made a study of that one, through the analysis of that time’s technology and using documents and primary historical sources: the contract of the mapping; the correspondence between the direction of SARA in Italy and the PMSP and between the P.E. inspector in Rome and the PMSP; the Geographical and Geological Commission surveys, which were acted on and finally, SARA products themselves: the print maps, precision analysis made at that time (1931); the São Paulo State capital’s survey and similar and contemporary works. Also was made a research to materially find out the cartographic base of departure of the mapping, the landmarks used, triangulation points; some of which was located and their coordinates evaluated. For the technical analysis of this cartographic base were used several concepts and tools of digital Cartography, as for example: coordinate transformation between systems, mathematical adjustments using the least squares method, analysis of maps quality (systematic errors test, accuracy test). Also presented a study about the Cartographic precision of this mapping, both analyzing an assessment made at that time as applying current techniques, using, for the control, GNSS points and a current mapping done by classic topography. The conclusion on this aspect is that it has met the quality standard at that time proposed and the positional is quite reasonable even for current standards. Fulfilled his cartographic role of features representation, was useful for decades and continues today with an important role as graphic part of historical value and of "photograph" of a date.

O levantamento pioneiro da SARA Brasil: histórico, tecnologia empregada e avaliação dos produtos.