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Cancer and development share common features since both processes exhibit shifts between cell proliferation and differentiation. Homeobox gene family encodes transcription factors essentials for appropriate embryonic development and they have been described in different types of neoplastic tissues. PMX1 (Paired Mesoderm Homeobox 1) is homeobox gene that has been related with mesenchyma throughout development such cardiovascular system and skeletal elements, however its relation with tumor development is not well established yet. The purpose of this study was to verify the presence of PMX1 transcripts in oral squamous cell carcinomas and adjacent non-tumoral tissues. In situ hybridization was performed with probes labeled with digoxigenin in sixteen samples of squamous cell carcinoma and ten o adjacent non-tumoral tissues. In the adjacent non-tumoral tissues in situ hybridization signaling detected were more intense in the basal and parabasal layers even when it could be observed in other layers. In the oral squamous cell carcinoma the signaling was spread all over the tissue becoming more intense in areas with isolated carcinoma cells. Our findings show PMX1 transcripts in adjacent non-tumoral tissues and oral squamous cell carcinoma and suggest participation of PMX1 in oral carcinogenesis. Its expression in poorly differentiated carcinomas needs to be analyzed in detail.

Localização dos transcritos do gene PMX1 em carcinomas epidermóides de boca através da técnica de hibridização in situ.