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Due to the existence of a variety of types of non-venereal syphilis caused by the related  T. pallidum , regular serological testing such as Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR) and Chemiluminescent Microparticle Immunoassay Technique (CMIA) are often unable to differentiate venereal syphilis from the non- venereal one, hence, the interest in the use of molecular biology testing for a confirmation diagnosis of syphilis caused by  Treponema pallidum  subspecies  pallidum .    Objective  The study is designed to assess the effectiveness of PCR testing and serological methods in the diagnosis of  Treponema pallidum subsp pallidum  among blood donors in Burkina Faso.    Methodes  The study included 6375 samples of volunteer blood donors from the regional blood transfusion center of Ouagadougou (CRTS/O). Among samples, 183 positive and 59 negative in RPR were analyzed to detect antibodies anti- T. pallidum subsp pallidum  with a immunoassay method (CMIA) and were confirmed using the Polymerase Chain Reaction testing.    Results  In RPR, we obtained a prevalence rate of 2.9% (183/6375) for treponematosis. From the 183 RPR+ specimen, 108 (59%) were found CMIA+ and 11 (6%) were confirmed PCR+. While the 59 pattern RPR-; 31 (52.5%) were CMIA + including 3 (5.1%) tested PCR+. Seventy-five (75) samples RPR + /CMIA-; 2 (2.7%) were confirmed positive by PCR. All 28 samples RPR-/CMIA- were confirmed negative by PCR.    Conclusion  PCR testing confirmed a low distribution of  T. pallidum subsp pallidum  in comparison to serological methods. Cross-reactions, existence of non-venereal treponemal or immunological scars could account for the discrepancy between the results obtained.

the pan african medical journal

Importance of extending the use of Polymerase chain reaction in the diagnosis of Venereal syphilis in a blood transfusion center in Burkina Faso, West Africa