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AIM: To investigate the infection status of Helicobacter pylori and its risk factors in Jiangsu area with a high incidence of gastric cancer. METHODS: A total of 1457 individuals from 3 rural villages in the northern area of Jiangsu province were included in this study, and data were collected by face-to-face interviews using a standard questionnaire, involving general conditions, family environment, drinking, personal habit, diet habit, smoking, alcohol drinking, and disease history. H pylori infection was assessed by detecting the serum antibodies of anti-H pylori IgG or C-urea breath test. RESULTS: At last, the study was completed in 1371 individuals, and the total prevalence rate of H pylori infection was 62.07%. No association was found between infection and gender. The infection rate was different between differentage groups with no significance, and the highest rate was 67.25% (individuals of 30 to 40 years old). The prevalence of H pylori infection was increased significantly with the increase of annual family income, and the lowest rate was 53.49% (individuals with annual income of 1000 to 4999 RMB). H pylori infection was also related with the education level and size of household. H pylori infection rate was decreased significantly in subjects who drank raw water, drank water without washing cups, shared cups with others, had history of vomiting, belching, or nausea. However, the prevalence rate of H pylori infection was increased significantly in subjects who washed hands before meals and after defecation, using soaps. H pylori infection rate was positively correlated with the frequency of rice intake per day, but negatively correlated with the frequency of potato intake per day. There were no association between H pylori infection and source of drinking water, smoking or alcohol drinking. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that H pylori infection was positively associated with the family income, but negatively associated with education degree and washing cups after drinking. CONCLUSION: H pylori infection is strongly influenced by education level, size of household and annual family income in the rural area with high gastric cancer prevalence, and transmits within families. Further studies are needed on the association of H pylori infection with hygiene habits, source of drinking, and diet.

Epidemiological study of Helicobacter pylori infection and its risk factors in Jiangsu area