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As part of a general assessment of blood gas analysers [1] the thermostatic regulation of blood samples in the machines’ sample chambers was studied with the aid of a thermal probe placed on one of the electrodes. The experiment was necessary because the analysers’ readings assume a temperature of37C; in principle the instruments should maintain this temperature to within 0" C. The influence of temperature varies with each parameter being measured (for example pH, percentage oxygen [pO2] and percentage carbon dioxide [pCO2]) and according to the nature of the solution being analysed [2]. For protein solutions, and especially for blood samples, the average variations are: for pH, 0.011 units per degree; for pCO2, 4%/C, and for pO2, 7%/C. In addition, cooling of the electrodes modifies these variations: for pO2 this may vary by as much as 10%/1C; for pCO2 the effects of temperature are in part compensatory, reducing the variations to -2% error/lC [3, 4]. Aqueous buffers are less sensitive to temperature; they are not therefore suitable for thermostatic control [5]. The measuring electrode in each instrument was modified. The sensing part of the pO2 or the pCO2 was replaced by the heat-sensitive end of a thermocouple. The aim ofthis investigation was to examine the temperature of the sample itself within the sample chamber, without disturbing the normal flushing, calibrating and measuring processes which are very elaborate in some ’automatic’ instruments. Thermocouple

Thermostatic regulation of blood samples in blood gas analysers: results and improved inethod applied to 11 different models