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In this paper, we aim at the automated unit coverage-based testing forembedded software. To achieve the goal, by analyzing the industrialrequirements and our previous work on automated unit testing tool CAUT, werebuild a new tool, SmartUnit, to solve the engineering requirements that takeplace in our partner companies. SmartUnit is a dynamic symbolic executionimplementation, which supports statement, branch, boundary value and MC/DCcoverage. SmartUnit has been used to test more than one million lines of codein real projects. For confidentiality motives, we select three in-house realprojects for the empirical evaluations. We also carry out our evaluations ontwo open source database projects, SQLite and PostgreSQL, to test thescalability of our tool since the scale of the embedded software project ismostly not large, 5K-50K lines of code on average. From our experimentalresults, in general, more than 90% of functions in commercial embedded softwareachieve 100% statement, branch, MC/DC coverage, more than 80% of functions inSQLite achieve 100% MC/DC coverage, and more than 60% of functions inPostgreSQL achieve 100% MC/DC coverage. Moreover, SmartUnit is able to find theruntime exceptions at the unit testing level. We also have reported exceptionslike array index out of bounds and divided-by-zero in SQLite. Furthermore, weanalyze the reasons of low coverage in automated unit testing in our settingand give a survey on the situation of manual unit testing with respect toautomated unit testing in industry.

SmartUnit: Empirical Evaluations for Automated Unit Testing of Embedded Software in Industry