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Polarization between groups is a major topic of contemporary societal debateas well as of research into intergroup relations. Formal modelers of opiniondynamics try to explain how intergroup polarization can arise from simple firstprinciples of interactions within and between groups. Models have been proposedin which intergroup attitudes affect social influence in the form of homophilyor xenophobia, elaborated as fixed tendencies of individuals to interact morewith in-group members, be more open to influence from in-group members andperhaps even distance oneself from attitudes of outgroup members. While thesemodels can generate polarization between groups, their underlying assumptionscuriously neglect a central insight from research on intergroup attitudes.Intergroup attitudes are themselves subject to social influence in interactionswith both in- and outgroup members. I extend an existing model of opinionformation with intergroup attitudes, by adding this feedback-effect. I show howthis changes model predictions about the process and the conditions ofpolarization between groups. In particular, it is demonstrated how the modelimplies that intergroup polarization can become less likely if intergroupattitudes change under social influence; and how more complex patterns ofintergroup relations emerge. Especially, a renegade minority (outgroup-lovers)can have a key role in avoiding mutually negative intergroup relations and evenelicit attitude reversal, resulting in a majority of individuals developing anegative attitude towards their in-group and a positive one of the outgroup.Interpretations of these theoretical results and directions for future researchare further discussed.

About renegades and outgroup-haters: Modelling the link between social influence and intergroup attitudes