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The present paper is a companion to the paper by Villone and Rampf (2017),titled "Hermann Hankel's On the general theory of motion of fluids, an essayincluding an English translation of the complete Preisschrift from 1861"together with connected documents. Here we give a critical assessment ofHankel's work, which covers many important aspects of fluid dynamics consideredfrom a Lagrangian-coordinates point of view: variational formulation in thespirit of Hamilton for elastic (barotropic) fluids, transport (we would now sayLie transport) of vorticity, the Lagrangian significance of Clebsch variables,etc. Hankel's work is also put in the perspective of previous and future work.Hence, the action spans about two centuries: from Lagrange's 1760-1761 Turinpaper on variational approaches to mechanics and fluid mechanics problems toArnold's 1966 founding paper on the geometrical/variational formulation ofincompressible flow. The 22-year old Hankel - who was to die 12 years later -emerges as a highly innovative master of mathematical fluid dynamics, fullydeserving Riemann's assessment that his Preisschrift contains "all manner ofgood things."

A contemporary look at Hermann Hankel's 1861 pioneering work on Lagrangian fluid dynamics