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The Color String Percolation Model (CSPM) is used to determine the equationof state (EOS) of the QGP produced in central Au-Au collisions at$\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 A GeV using STAR data at RHIC. When the initial densityof interacting colored strings exceeds the 2D percolation threshold a clusteris formed, which defines the onset of color deconfinement. These interactionsalso produce fluctuations in the string tension which transforms the Schwingerparticle (gluon) production mechanism into a maximum entropy thermaldistribution. The single string tension is determined by identifying the knownvalue of the universal hadron limiting temperature $T_{c}$ = 167.7 $\pm$ 2.6MeV with the CSPM percolation temperature at the critical threshold $\xi_{c}$=1.2. At mid-rapidity the initial Bjorken energy density and the initialtemperature determine the number of degrees of freedom consistent with theformation of a $\sim$ 2+1 flavor QGP. An analytic expression for the equationof state, the sound velocity $C_{s}^{2}(\xi)$ is obtained in CSPM. The CSPM$C_{s}^{2}(\xi)$ and the bulk thermodynamic values $\varepsilon /T^{4}$ and $s/T^{3}$ are in excellent agreement in the phase transition region with recentlattice QCD simulations (LQCD) by the HotQCD Collaboration.

european physical journal. c, particles and fields

Percolation of Color Sources and the determination of the Equation of  State of the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) produced in central Au-Au collisions at  \sqrt S_{NN}= 200 GeV