English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

A purpose-built permeameter was used to explore the transient evolution ofporosity during the mixing process in filtration experiments. The experimentsconsidered upward seepage flow and explored the influence of base and filterparticle sizes, along with different hydraulic conditions. The permeameteracted as a coaxial transmission line enabling electromagnetic measurementsbased on spatial time domain reflectometry, from which the porosity profile wasobtained using an inversion technique. Quantitative characteristics of theonset and progression of the mixing process were extracted from a porosityfield map. The limiting onset condition was influenced by geometric andhydraulic factors, with the critical flow rate exhibiting a strong dependenceon the base particle size, while the critical hydraulic gradient exhibited astronger dependence on filter particle size. The progression of the mixingprocess was characterised by both the transport of base particles into thefilter layer, as well as the settlement of the filter particles into the baselayer due to the reduction of the effective stress at the base-filter interfaceleading to partial bearing failure. The rate of development of the mixture zonewas strongly dependent on the hydraulic loading condition and the base particlesize, but the final height of the sample after complete mixing was independentof the hydraulic loading path.

Physical observations of the transient evolution of the porosity distribution during internal erosion using spatial time domain reflectometry