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The UL 17 and UL 25 proteins (pUL 17 and pUL 25, respectively) of herpes simplex virus 1 are located at the external surface of capsids and are essential for DNA packaging and DNA retention in the capsid, respectively. The current studies were undertaken to determine whether DNA packaging or capsid assembly affected the pUL 17/pUL 25 interaction. We found that pUL 17 and pUL 25 coimmunoprecipitated from cells infected with wild-type virus, whereas the major capsid protein VP5 (encoded by the UL 19 gene) did not coimmunoprecipitate with these proteins under stringent conditions. In addition, pUL 17 (i) coimmunoprecipitated with pUL 25 in the absence of other viral proteins, (ii) coimmunoprecipitated with pUL 25 from lysates of infected cells in the presence or absence of VP5, (iii) did not coimmunoprecipitate efficiently with pUL 25 in the absence of the triplex protein VP23 (encoded by the UL 18 gene), (iv) required pUL 25 for proper solubilization and localization within the viral replication compartment, (v) was essential for the sole nuclear localization of pUL 25, and (vi) required capsid proteins VP5 and VP23 for nuclear localization and normal levels of immunoreactivity in an indirect immunofluorescence assay. Proper localization of pUL 25 in infected cell nuclei required pUL 17, pUL 32, and the major capsid proteins VP5 and VP23, but not the DNA packaging protein pUL 15. The data suggest that VP23 or triplexes augment the pUL 17/pUL 25 interaction and that VP23 and VP5 induce conformational changes in pUL 17 and pUL 25, exposing epitopes that are otherwise partially masked in infected cells. These conformational changes can occur in the absence of DNA packaging. The data indicate that the pUL 17/pUL 25 complex requires multiple viral proteins and functions for proper localization and biochemical behavior in the infected cell.

journal of virology

Effects of Major Capsid Proteins, Capsid Assembly, and DNA Cleavage/Packaging on the pU <sub>L</sub> 17/pU <sub>L</sub> 25 Complex of Herpes Simplex Virus 1

Effects of Major Capsid Proteins, Capsid Assembly, and DNA Cleavage/Packaging on the pU L 17/pU L 25 Complex of Herpes Simplex Virus 1

Effects of Major Capsid Proteins, Capsid Assembly, and DNA Cleavage/Packaging on the pU _L 17/pU _L 25 Complex of Herpes Simplex Virus 1