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In a previous report (F. J. Stutzenberger and C. L. San Clemente, J. Bacteriol. 94:821, 1967), we described a quantitative nephelometric assay for staphylocoagulase inhibitors in bovine antisera. During the development of that assay procedure, heating of specific antisera at 56 C for 30 min greatly reduced their ability to inhibit coagulase. Heat studies and fractionation of bovine antiserum indicated the possibility of at least two components in the antiserum responsible for coagulase inhibition. One factor appeared to be a heat-stable (56 C, 30 min) antibody contained in the crude 'y-globulin fraction. The other factor was a nondialyzable, heat-labile inhibitor which was inactivated within 10 min at 56 C. Previous studies (E. S. Duthie and L. L. Lorenz, J. Gen. Microbiol. 6:95, 1952; I. Lominski, J. Gen. Microbiol. 3(Suppl.) :ix, 1949; M. Tager and H. B. Hales, J. Immunol. 60:475 1948) have suggested the participation of both antibody and nonantibody serum factors in the inhibition of staphylocoagulase, but little work has been done to distinguish one from the other. Some enzymes are inhibited by antibody in a noncompetitive manner (D. B. Roberts, J. Bacteriol. 91:1888, 1966; E. L. Smith, B. V. Jager, R. Lumry, and R. B. Glantz, J. Biol. Chem. 199:789, 1952), whereas in other systems (A. Samuels, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 103:858, 1963; M. G. Sevag, M. D. Newcomb, and R. E. Miller, J. Immunol. 72:1, 1954) the action of antibody appears to be competitive in the presence of substrate or cofactors. We were interested in determining the nature (competitive or noncompetitive) of coagulase inhibition by bovine antiserum as an additional parameter of the nephelometric anticoagulase assay. Since heat inactivation of anticoagulase sera is not always employed (J. B. Kwapinski, Method of Serological Research, p. 343, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1965), we studied the effect of fibrinogen substrate concentration on coagulase inhibition by both heated and unheated bovine antiserum.

Coagulase inhibition by heated and unheated bovine anticoagulase serum