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Fatty acids produced by 22 strains of 10 species of the genusBacillus were analyzed on a very efficient and selective gas-liquid chromatographic column. All of the 10 species,alvei, brevis, cereus, circulans, licheniformis, macerans, megaterium, polymyxa, pumilus , andsubtilis , produced eight fatty acids, six branched (anteiso-C15 , anteiso-C17 , iso-C14 , iso-C15 , iso-C16 , and iso-C17 ) and two normal (n-C14 and n-C16 ). In all cases, the six branched-chain fatty acids made up over 60% of the total fatty acids. In addition to the eight fatty acids,B. cereus produced four extra fatty acids, three branched (anteiso-C13 , iso-C12 , and iso-C13 ) and one monoenoic-n-C16 . Furthermore, there were distinct differences in the relative amounts of fatty acids produced betweenB. cereus and the remaining nine species.B. cereus produced iso-C15 fatty acid in the largest amount on a glucose-yeast extract medium as well as on Pennassay Broth. On the other hand, for the remaining nine species, anteiso-C15 fatty acid was the major fatty acid from the glucose-yeast extract medium, whereas the amount of iso-C15 fatty acid from Penassay Broth became comparable to that of anteiso-C15 fatty acid. Mechanisms and various factors affecting the fatty acid distribution pattern in the 10Bacillus species are discussed.

Fatty Acids in the GenusBacillusI. Iso- and Anteiso-Fatty Acids as Characteristic Constituents of Lipids in 10 Species