English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

High concentrations of lung tissue-associated interleukin-10 (IL-10), an anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive cytokine, correlate with susceptibility of mice toCoccidioides spp. infection. In this study, we found that macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, and both CD8+ and CD4+ T cells recruited toCoccidioides posadasii -infected lungs of nonvaccinated and vaccinated mice contributed to the production of IL-10. The major IL-10-producing leukocytes were CD8+ T cells, neutrophils, and macrophages in lungs of nonvaccinated mice, while both Foxp3+ and Foxp3− subsets of IL-10+ CD4+ T cells were significantly elevated in vaccinated mice. Profiles of the recruited leukocytes in lungs revealed that only CD4+ T cells were significantly increased inIL-10 −/− knockout mice compared to their wild-type counterparts. Furthermore,ex vivo recall assays showed that CD4+ T cells isolated from vaccinatedIL-10 −/− mice compared to vaccinated wild-type mice produced significantly higher amounts of IL-2, gamma interferon (IFN-γ), IL-4, IL-6, and IL-17A in the presence of a coccidioidal antigen, indicating that IL-10 suppresses Th1, Th2, and Th17 immunity toCoccidioides infection. Analysis of absolute numbers of CD44+ CD62L− CD4+ T effector memory T cells (TEM ) and IFN-γ- and IL-17A-producing CD4+ T cells in the lungs ofCoccidioides -infected mice correlated with better fungal clearance in nonvaccinatedIL-10 −/− mice than in nonvaccinated wild-type mice. Our results suggest that IL-10 suppresses CD4+ T-cell immunity in nonvaccinated mice duringCoccidioides infection but does not impede the development of a memory response nor exacerbate immunopathology of vaccinated mice over at least a 4-month period after the last immunization.

Vaccinated C57BL/6 Mice Develop Protective and Memory T Cell Responses to Coccidioides posadasii Infection in the Absence of Interleukin-10