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Melissococcus pluton is the causative agent of European foulbrood, a disease of honeybee larvae. This bacterium is particularly difficult to isolate because of its stringent growth requirements and competition from other bacteria. PCR was used selectively to amplify specific rRNA gene sequences ofM. pluton from pure culture, from crude cell lysates, and directly from infected bee larvae. The PCR primers were designed fromM. pluton 16S rRNA sequence data. The PCR products were visualized by agarose gel electrophoresis and confirmed as originating fromM. pluton by sequencing in both directions. Detection was highly specific, and the probes did not hybridize with DNA from other bacterial species tested. This method enabled the rapid and specific detection and identification ofM. pluton from pure cultures and infected bee larvae.

A PCR Detection Method for Rapid Identification of Melissococcus pluton in Honeybee Larvae