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Rhizoctonia bare patch and root rot disease of wheat, caused byRhizoctonia solani AG-8, develops as distinct patches of stunted plants and limits the yield of direct-seeded (no-till) wheat in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. At the site of a long-term cropping systems study near Ritzville, WA, a decline inRhizoctonia patch disease was observed over an 11-year period. Bacterial communities from bulk and rhizosphere soil of plants from inside the patches, outside the patches, and recovered patches were analyzed by using pyrosequencing with primers designed for 16S rRNA. Taxa in the classAcidobacteria and the genusGemmatimonas were found at higher frequencies in the rhizosphere of healthy plants outside the patches than in that of diseased plants from inside the patches.Dyella andAcidobacteria subgroup Gp7 were found at higher frequencies in recovered patches.Chitinophaga ,Pedobacter ,Oxalobacteriaceae (Duganella andMassilia ), andChyseobacterium were found at higher frequencies in the rhizosphere of diseased plants from inside the patches. For selected taxa, trends were validated by quantitative PCR (qPCR), and observed shifts of frequencies in the rhizosphere over time were duplicated in cycling experiments in the greenhouse that involved successive plantings of wheat inRhizoctonia -inoculated soil.Chryseobacterium soldanellicola was isolated from the rhizosphere inside the patches and exhibited significant antagonism againstR. solani AG-8in vitro and in greenhouse tests. In conclusion, we identified novel bacterial taxa that respond to conditions affecting bare patch disease symptoms and that may be involved in suppression ofRhizoctonia root rot and bare batch disease.

Role of Bacterial Communities in the Natural Suppression of Rhizoctonia solani Bare Patch Disease of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)