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Ciprofloxacin was given perorally in two doses of 750 mg each with a 12-h interval starting 24 h prior to surgery, 400 mg of ciprofloxacin was given intravenously at the induction of anesthesia, and 400 mg of ciprofloxacin was given 12 h later to 21 patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery. The maximum concentrations in serum (mean value +/- standard deviation, 11.1 +/- 7.8 mg/liter) during surgery were reached 30 min after ciprofloxacin was administered. The ciprofloxacin concentrations in the intestinal mucosa samples were 2.7 to 37.8 mg/kg of tissue weight, and the concentrations in the fecal samples were less than 0.1 to 858 mg/kg. The aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in the fecal flora were suppressed markedly during the prophylaxis period. No postoperative infections occurred.

Ciprofloxacin concentrations and impact of the colon microflora in patients undergoing colorectal surgery