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KADLEC, J.: Biological waste by-production costs in forest management and possibilities for their reduction. Acta univ. agric. et silvic. Mendel. Brun., 2004, LII, No. 5, pp. 7-12 Biological wastes in forestry were observed from view of their by-production in silvicultural and logging operations. There were identified points where biological waste was produced in this paper, waste costs ratio for silvicultural and logging operations and were made suggestions for reduction of these costs. Biological waste costs give 34,4% of total costs of silvicultural operations and 30% of total costs of logging operations. Natural regeneration and minor forest produce operations are opportunities for reduction of these costs. biological waste, costs, natural regeneration, minor forest produce Ročník LII 1 Číslo 5, 2004 7 Timber production is long-term activity, which include silvicultural, forest protection and logging costs from forest regeneration to harvesting of a stand. Timber is the main product of forest owners. Therefore it is needed to watch amount of costs in all operations during timber production, as an influenced factor of evaluation of the timber. Attainment of profit is one of main aims of subject economic management. Reduction of costs to final product is one of the ways to hold or increase the profit. Nowadays, forest owners and contractors are looking for ways to reduce silvicultural and logging costs in compliance with sustainable development of forest. It is the reason why methods and technologies with higher productivity are introduced. The question of by-production and disposal of waste in forest operations is still remained aloof. We can say that we do not exactly know where waste is produced and how high costs are spending with byproduction of biological waste. Biological waste in forestry is a fertiliser in its substance at the place of production. It forms a part of nutrient cycle in forest ecosystem from sustainable development in forest point of view. Management activity in forestry is linked with byproduction of the biological waste. Biological waste is linked with costs of funds for its by-production optionally disposal from point of view of business economics. It was paid attention to waste in forest management at determination of biomass components recovery for main forest trees (DEJMAL, 1985). NOVÁK (1985) and DEJMAL (1986) paid attention to possibilities of logging waste processing and economic analysis of these technologies. SIMANOV (1995) dealt with potential sources and utilization of waste in forestry in detail. Waste is a material that does not become part of final product (KUDELOVÁ, 1999). Only logging waste was up to now considered as a waste in forestry (ANON., 1994). However waste in forestry named in Annex of Council Directive 75/442/EEC (ANON., 1997) in class 020107 – waste from forestry