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We introduce Distance-Based Scheduling (DBS), a new technique for user selection in downlink multi-user communications with extra-large (XL) antenna arrays. DBS categorizes users according to their <italic>equivalent distance</italic> to the antenna array. Such categorization effectively accounts for inter-user interference while largely reducing the computational burden. Results show that (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${i}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) DBS achieves the same performance as the reference zero-forcing beamforming scheme with a lower complexity; (<italic>ii</italic>) a simplified version of DBS achieves a similar performance when realistic spherical-wavefront (SW) propagation features are considered; (<italic>iii</italic>) SW propagation brings additional degrees of freedom, which allows for increasing the number of served users.

Low-Complexity Distance-Based Scheduling for Multi-User XL-MIMO Systems