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Initial access (IA) is a fundamental physical layer procedure in cellularsystems where user equipment (UE) detects nearby base station (BS) as well asacquire synchronization. Due to the necessity of using antenna array inmillimeter-wave (mmW) IA, the channel spatial information can also be inferred.The state-of-the-art directional IA (DIA) uses sector sounding beams withlimited angular resolution, and thus requires additional dedicated radioresources, access latency and overhead for refined beam training. To remedy theproblem of access latency and overhead in DIA, this work proposes to use aquasi-omni pseudorandom sounding beam for IA, and develops a novel algorithmfor joint initial access and fine resolution initial beam training withoutrequiring extra radio resources. We provide the analysis of the proposedalgorithm miss detection rate under synchronization error, and further deriveCram\'er-Rao lower bound of angular estimation under frequency offset. UsingQuaDRiGa simulator with mmMAGIC model at 28 GHz, the numerical results showthat the proposed approach is advantageous to DIA with hierarchical beamtraining. The proposed algorithm offers up to two order of magnitude accesslatency saving compared to DIA, when the same discovery, post training SNR, andoverhead performance are targeted. This conclusion holds true in variouspropagation environments and 3D locations of a mmW pico-cell with up to 140mradius.

Compressive Initial Access and Beamforming Training for Millimeter-Wave Cellular Systems