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The crystal structure of the adduct piperazine-1,4-diium 3,5-dinitro-2-oxidobenzoate–piperazine–water (2/1/2) shows the existence of a 3,5-dinitrosalicylate dianion (DNSA 2− ) and a protonated piperazine-1,4-diium cation (PIP 2+ ) along with a piperazine molecule. The formula of the title adduct in the asymmetric unit is 2C 4 H 12 N 2 2+ ·2C 7 H 2 N 2 O 7 2− ·C 4 H 10 N 2 ·2H 2 O with  Z  = 1. The piperazine ring in the piperazine-1,4-diium cation and in the neutral piperazine molecule adopt chair conformations. All O atoms in the DNSA 2−  moiety and the water molecule act as hydrogen-bonding acceptors for various intermolecular O—H...O, N—H...O and C—H...O interactions, which stabilize the crystal structure. Various supramolecular architectures formed by the different intermolecular interactions are discussed. The relative contribution of various intermolecular contacts is analysed with the aid of two-dimensional (full and decomposed) fingerprint plots, indicating that H...O/O...H (50.2%) and H...H (36.2%) contacts are the major contributors to the stabilization of the crystal structure.

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of the hydrated 2:1 adduct of piperazine-1,4-diium 3,5-dinitro-2-oxidobenzoate and piperazine