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Actinides with their large number of oxidation states are susceptible to redox conditions, forming different complexes in aqueous solution which may greatly differ by solubility and mobility. These complexes are often difficult to investigate due to their complex species distribution and thermodynamic metastability. Thermodynamic estimation of species distribution may fail for higher actinide concentrations. In such cases X-ray absorption spectroscopy is able to reveal structural parameters that provide information on the solution species. A spectroelectrochemical cell was developed for the study of structure and speciation of actinide complexes in situ by X-ray absorption spectroscopy, while applying and maintaining a constant potential. This equipment allows the investigation of actinide complexes under different redox conditions. The use of actinides at a synchrotron requires safety precautions. An experimental station for radiochemical experiments, the Rossendorf beam line (ROBL), is operated by the Forschungszentrum Rossendorf/Germany at the ESRF/France. An introduction and overview on typical actinide structures in solution will be presented. m21.o02

Short- and long-range structure of crystals as revealed by XAFS spectroscopy