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An increase of the critical resolved shear stress of Invar alloys (Invarhardening) with a lowering temperature is explained. The effect is caused by agrowth of the exchange interaction between dangling $d$-electron states ofdislocation cores and paramagnetic obstacles (e.g., Ni atoms in FeNi alloys)which occurs below the Curie temperature. The spins of the two electrons alignalong the magnetization due to the exchange interaction with the surroundingatoms of the ferromagnetic. The exchange interaction between the dislocationsand obstacles is enhanced in Invars due to a strong growth of the magneticmoments of atoms under the action of elastic strains near the dislocationcores. Parameters characterizing the exchange interaction are determined forthe case of the Fe$_{0.65}$Ni$_{0.35}$ Invar. The influence of the internalmagnetic field on the dislocation detachment from the obstacles is taken intoaccount. The obtained temperature dependence of the critical resolved shearstress in the Fe$_{0.65}$Ni$_{0.35}$ Invar agrees well with the availableexperimental data. Experiments facilitating a further check of the theoreticalmodel are suggested.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figure

physical review. b, condensed matter

Exchange effects in Invar hardening:<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Fe</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>0.65</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Ni</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>0.35</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>as a test case

Exchange effects in Invar hardening:Fe0.65Ni0.35as a test case