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Homogeneous quantum gases open up new possibilities for studying many-bodyphenomena and have now been realised for a variety of systems. For gases withshort-range interactions the way to make the cloud homogeneous is, predictably,to trap it in an ideal (homogeneous) box potential. We show that creating aclose to homogeneous dipolar gas in the roton regime, when long-rangeinteractions are important, actually requires trapping particles in soft-walled(inhomogeneous) box-like potentials. In particular, we numerically explore adipolar gas confined in a pancake trap which is harmonic along the polarisationaxis and a cylindrically symmetric power-law potential $r^p$ radially. We findthat intermediate $p$'s maximise the proportion of the sample that can bebrought close to the critical density required to reach the roton regime,whereas higher $p$'s trigger density oscillations near the wall even when thebulk of the system is not in the roton regime. We characterise how the optimumdensity distribution depends on the shape of the trapping potential and find itis controlled by the trap wall steepness.

How to realise a homogeneous dipolar Bose gas in the roton regime